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Botlero
Unitree RoboticsMass productionchecked 2026-09-29

Unitree R1

The Unitree R1 is a bipedal robot, 123 cm tall, weighing 29 kg, with 20–26 degrees of freedom.

Height
Weight
Walking speed
Top speed
78 of 195 specs published39 by the maker

Summary

written only from the sourced specs below

The Unitree R1 is a bipedal robot with 20–26 degrees of freedom. It can carry a rated payload of 10 kg, walk at 2.5 m/s, climb stairs, and perform fall recovery, operating in autonomous or remote control modes with supervised autonomy.

The robot measures 123 cm in height, 35.7 cm in width, and 19 cm in depth, with a mass of 29 kg. It features 20–26 degrees of freedom in total, with 6 per leg, 4 per arm, 2 in the waist, and 2 in the head, offering a max joint peak torque of 120 N.m and a joint range of -10–139 deg. Power is supplied by a li ion battery with 6 Ah capacity and 199 Wh energy, providing a runtime of 60 min and supporting quick release battery swap. Sensors include 4 microphones, a camera with a 220 deg horizontal FOV using stereo depth, a 6 axes IMU, and tactile hand sensors. The robot uses an 8-Core High-Performance Processor with 100 TOPS AI compute, and can optionally integrate an NVIDIA Orin module, connecting via wifi 6 and Bluetooth 5.2. It runs on Linux, supports secondary development with a Python SDK, uses ROS2 middleware, and provides simulation assets for isaac and mujoco.

Suits

  • Research and education applications.
  • Developers, with support for secondary development, a Python SDK, and ROS2 on Linux.
  • Tasks requiring bipedal locomotion, stair climbing, fall recovery, and manipulation with a 10 kg rated payload and swappable end effectors.
  • AI development, supporting imitation and reinforcement learning with 100 TOPS AI compute and optional NVIDIA Orin.

Limits

  • LiDAR is not included.
  • Autonomy is supervised.
  • No published specifications for safety, environment, or home applications.
  • Each arm has a payload capacity of 2 kg.

At a glance

drawn from the sourced values

Where the joints are

2426
Total
20–26
Head
2
Each arm
4
Waist
2
Each leg
6

One charge

Runs1 h

Payload vs body weight

34% of its own weight

Payload 10 kg · body 29 kg

Price & availability

  • $4,900maker's list price
  • $4,900maker's list price · 6-month warranty
  • $5,900estimated, not a firm price
  • $5,900reported by a directory
  • $5,900reported by a directory
  • $4,900reported by a directory
  • $5,900reported by a directory
  • $4,900reported by a directory
  • $5,900reported by a directory
  • $5,900reported by a directory
  • $4,900reported by a directory
  • $4,900reported by a directory
  • $5,900reported by a directory
  • $4,900reported by a directory
  • $5,900reported by a directory
  • $4,900reported by a directory
  • $5,900reported by a directory
  • $5,900reported by a directory
  • $4,900reported by a directory
  • $5,900reported by a directory
  • $5,900reported by a directory
  • $4,900reported by a directory
  • $5,900reported by a directory
  • $4,900retail price
  • Price statusList
  • Available from2026-04

Specs

78 published · what each spec means
78 of 195 specs published39 by the maker

78 of 195 measures disclosure, not the robot: it counts the specs the maker and the directories we read had published when this page was last checked, so a robot with fewer published specs is not a worse robot. Makers also measure differently — height with or without the head, payload rated or peak — so two sources can both be right and still disagree, which is why every value carries a chip naming who stated it.

  • organization4/4
  • autonomy5/6
  • overview11/14
  • body7/10
  • mobility4/6
  • software10/15
  • joints12/19
  • compute4/7
  • perception6/14
  • load2/5
  • commercial2/5
  • connectivity2/6
  • power5/20
  • hands3/13
  • privacy2/9
  • security1/6
  • service1/10
  • compliance1/11
  • safety0/7
  • environment0/6
  • home0/2

No value below has been independently measured or filed with a regulator — every number is a claim by the maker or by a third-party directory, and the chip on each one says which.

organization4 of 4
Headquarters
“Headquarters: Hangzhou, China” · robozaps.com
Founded
“Founded: 2016” · robozaps.com
Employees
“Employees 1,000+” · humanoidindex.org
Total funding (USD)
“Total Funding $200M+” · humanoidindex.org
autonomy5 of 6
Operating modes
“Remote control and scripted AI automation; semi‑autonomous operation” · originofbots.com
Multi-robot coordination
“Multi-Robot Coordination Supported (Syncs via network for swarm demos)” · originofbots.com
Teleoperation interfaces
“Manual Controller YES” · unitree.com
overview11 of 14
Stage
“Status Commercial Availability On sale” · roboatlas.ai
Locomotion
“Bipedal” · humanoid-robots.io
Applications
“Use cases Humanoids, Research, Education, Industrial, Service, Sport” · humanoid-robots.io
Available from
“Status: 🟡 Pre-sale — shipping April 2026” · humanoidapplications.com
Price status
“Price from $4,900” · unitree.com
Autonomy claim
“Autonomy | supervised-autonomy” · humanoidmetric.com
body7 of 10
Width
“Height, Width and Thickness(Stand) 1230x357x190mm” · unitree.com
Depth
“Height, Width and Thickness(Stand) 1230x357x190mm” · unitree.com
Leg length
“Calf + Thigh Length 600” · unitree.com
Arm length
“Forearm + Upper Arm Length 420” · unitree.com
Materials
“Main structural material composite shell over alloy frame” · humanoid.guide
software10 of 15
Robot OS
“Operating System Linux” · biorobot.ai
Middleware
“ROS 2 interfaces” · humanoid.guide
SDK languages
“unitree_sdk2_python Python interface for unitree_sdk2.” · github.com
SDK link
“SDK | open source, ros2 (<https://github.com/unitreerobotics/unitree_sdk2>)” · humanoidrecord.com
API docs link
“Unitree robot sdk version 2. <https://support.unitree.com/home/zh/developer>” · github.com
Simulation assets
“Official · MJCF · R1” · humanoidrecord.com
OTA updates
“Continuous OTA Software Upgrade and Update” · unitree.com
Open to developers
“Secondary Development【2】 YES” · unitree.com
Mobile app
“Unitree Explore APP Download” · unitree.com
Handheld controller
“Manual Controller YES” · unitree.com
mobility4 of 6
Walking speed
“Walking Speed [km/h] | 9” · humanoid.guide
Max speed
“Max speed (km/h) | 9” · humanoid.guide
Stair climbing
“Stairs Yes” · biorobot.ai
joints12 of 19
DoF per leg
“Single Leg Degrees of Freedom 6” · unitree.com
DoF per arm
“Single Arm Degrees of Freedom 4” · unitree.com
DoF waist
“Waist Degrees of Freedom 2” · unitree.com
DoF head
“Head Degrees of Freedom 2” · unitree.com
Reducer types
“Actuators Planetary Gear” · humanoid-robots.io
Max joint torque
“关节峰值扭矩: 120 Nm” · guijicankao.com
Joint torque (per joint)
“关节峰值扭矩 120 Nm” · guijicankao.com
Joint range (per joint)
“Knee Joint:-10°~+139°” · unitree.com
Cooling
“Cooling System Local air cooling” · unitree.com
Hollow-shaft cabling
“Electrical Routing Hollow + Internal Routing” · unitree.com
compute4 of 7
Compute
“Basic Computing Power 8-Core High-Performance Processor” · unitree.com
AI compute
“算力: 100 TOPS” · guijicankao.com
AI compute metric
“算力: 100 TOPS” · guijicankao.com
Optional compute module
“It uses an 8-core high-performance processor (with an optional NVIDIA Orin module rated at 40–100 TOPS)” · robotsatlas.com
load2 of 5
Rated payload
“Payload | 10 kg” · robotoverflow.com
Payload per arm
“Maximum Torque of Arm Joint【1】 About 2kg” · unitree.com
commercial2 of 5
Price from (USD)
“Unitree R1 $4,900.00 USD” · shop.unitree.com
Warranty
“Warranty Period【3】 6 Months” · unitree.com
perception5 of 14
Sensors
“Microphone Array 4-Mic Array” · unitree.com
LiDAR
“LiDAR No” · biorobot.ai
Microphones
“Microphone Array 4-Mic Array” · unitree.com
connectivity2 of 6
Wi-Fi
“WiFi 6 、Bluetooth 5.2” · unitree.com
Bluetooth
“WiFi 6 、Bluetooth 5.2” · unitree.com
power5 of 20
Battery chemistry
“Power Supply Lithium battery” · unitree.com
Battery swap
“Smart Battery (Quick Release)” · unitree.com
Runtime
“Battery Life About 1h” · unitree.com
privacy2 of 9
Cloud dependency
“local reinforcement‑learning policies without cloud latency.” · humanoid.guide
Data generated
“Sensors Binocular camera + 4-mic array” · roboatlas.ai
security1 of 6
Vulnerability disclosure link
“Security and Privacy” · unitree.com
compliance1 of 11
Digital instructions link
“R1 User Manual https://marketing.unitree.com/article/en/R1/User_Manual.html” · unitree.com
hands1 of 13
Swappable end effector
“Dexterous Hand Optional” · unitree.com
All sources (25)
Corrected values (28)

A value below no longer shows on the page — it was superseded, or withdrawn after review. Kept here, not deleted, with the reason it was withdrawn.

  • Field-replaceable modules: Limbs2026-09-29

    [statement 6abb5bcbf110166ed31fce0f] custom end-effectors and extra cameras on open mounting points are not field-replaceable LIMBS — review-flagged, then judged against the page context around the quote. Quote: "The modular arm architecture and open mounting points on the chassis facilitate custom end‑effectors or additional cameras." This was the last active statement of this key, so the key stops rendering (UX rule 1).

  • Camera FOV (horizontal): 220°2026-09-29

    [statement 6abb5bcb11a1b93e77461ab1] the 220° figure belongs to the SV1-25 module (Unitree sells it separately at unitree.com/sv1-25) and the quote does not say the FOV is horizontal — review-flagged, then judged against the page context around the quote. Quote: "Camera resolution | Stereo binocular camera (220 ° FOV on SV1‑25 module)" This was the last active statement of this key, so the key stops rendering (UX rule 1).

  • AI compute metric: TOPS2026-09-29

    [statement 6abb5bcbb13c42fdb65c0b63] the TOPS figure is an OPTIONAL NVIDIA Orin module ("40-100 TOPS"), not the robot's own metric; R1's stated processor is an 8-core CPU + GPU — review-flagged, then judged against the page context around the quote. Quote: "It uses an 8-core high-performance processor (with an optional NVIDIA Orin module rated at 40–100 TOPS)"

  • Robot OS: Linux2026-09-29

    [statement 6abb5bcb39b8e66fcfd8462c] "typically ships a Linux-based SDK" is hedged and describes the SDK, not an operating system the robot runs — review-flagged, then judged against the page context around the quote. Quote: "Operating system | Unitree typically ships a Linux‑based SDK"

  • Weight: ~27 kg2026-09-29

    [statement 6abb5bcbeb0459ca10d818dc] the quote scopes the weight to a variant, is truncated mid-clause, or contradicts the maker's own figure by a wide margin — flagged by review.ts on the unitree-r1 dry run and judged by hand before closing. Quote: "The robot stands about 123 cm tall (standing dimensions 1230 × 357 × 190 mm) and weighs roughly 27 kg (R1 AIR) or 29 kg (R1 and R1 EDU); some media reports cite ~25 kg."

  • Reducer types: Direct drive2026-09-29

    [statement 6abb5bcbc81d80867e7ccfcf] the quote says quasi-direct-drive, or describes what the maker PREVIOUSLY used — neither states this robot's reducer — flagged by review.ts on the unitree-r1 dry run and judged by hand before closing. Quote: "Gear tech | Unitree has previously used quasi‑direct drives without harmonic reducers"

  • Joint range (per joint): -150–150°2026-09-29

    [statement 6abb5bcb0d4fab1d2b59e545] only one boundary of the stated range was filed; the stored rawText is a display string that cannot round-trip (gate.ts:604) — flagged by review.ts on the unitree-r1 dry run and judged by hand before closing. Quote: "Waist Joint:Y±150° R±30°"

  • Rated payload: 10 kg2026-09-29

    [statement 6abb5bcbdf47a25078b8fc36] a bare "Strength [kg]" cell, which CLAUDE.md records as the quote no code can separate between the load keys — flagged by review.ts on the unitree-r1 dry run and judged by hand before closing. Quote: "Strength [kg] | 10"

  • Walking speed: 2.5 m/s2026-09-29

    [statement 6abb5bcb7b47e79b7436605d] the quote states the robot's maximum or top speed, not its walking speed — that row's NOT text names it, and the speed exclusive family cannot arbitrate because the two quotes differ by a parenthetical — flagged by review.ts on the unitree-r1 dry run and judged by hand before closing. Quote: "It can run at 9 km/h and integrates a multimodal AI for voice‑and‑image interaction."

  • SDK link: https://github.com/unitreerobotics/unitree_sdk22026-09-29

    [statement 6abb5bcb01a2e25d8a5fb825] the quote carries a different URL than the one filed, or names the SDK without stating its URL — the org-root class CLAUDE.md records — flagged by review.ts on the unitree-r1 dry run and judged by hand before closing. Quote: "unitree_sdk2 An SDK package used to develop Go2, B2, H1, G1, H2, R1, A2 robots in real environments."

  • Open to developers: Yes2026-09-29

    [statement 6abb5bcb5a905e30c71589e7] the quote scopes the capability to the EDU version, so it is not a fact about the base robot; columnsAt() could not attribute it to the variant (0 of 369 / 0 of 341 statements carry a variantId) — flagged by review.ts on the unitree-r1 dry run and judged by hand before closing. Quote: "Optional developer compute and secondary-development support on higher tiers for AI-powered applications"

  • Open to developers: Yes2026-09-29

    [statement 6abb5bcb5a905e30c71589e7] the quote scopes the capability to the EDU version, so it is not a fact about the base robot; columnsAt() could not attribute it to the variant (0 of 369 / 0 of 341 statements carry a variantId) — flagged by review.ts on the unitree-r1 dry run and judged by hand before closing. Quote: "Optional developer compute and secondary-development support on higher tiers for AI-powered applications"

  • Open to developers: Yes2026-09-29

    [statement 6abb5bcb5a905e30c71589e7] the quote scopes the capability to the EDU version, so it is not a fact about the base robot; columnsAt() could not attribute it to the variant (0 of 369 / 0 of 341 statements carry a variantId) — flagged by review.ts on the unitree-r1 dry run and judged by hand before closing. Quote: "Optional developer compute and secondary-development support on higher tiers for AI-powered applications"

  • Open to developers: Yes2026-09-29

    [statement 6abb5bcb5a905e30c71589e7] the quote scopes the capability to the EDU version, so it is not a fact about the base robot; columnsAt() could not attribute it to the variant (0 of 369 / 0 of 341 statements carry a variantId) — flagged by review.ts on the unitree-r1 dry run and judged by hand before closing. Quote: "Optional developer compute and secondary-development support on higher tiers for AI-powered applications"

  • Price from (USD): $5,9002026-09-29

    [statement 6abb5bcb6355c085ea0cc779] a hedged, estimated or ranged price, which that row's own NOT text forbids ("estimated", "approximately", "Indicative", "~", or a range) — flagged by review.ts on the unitree-r1 dry run and judged by hand before closing. Quote: "R1: $5,900"

  • Price from (USD): $4,9002026-09-29

    [statement 6abb5bcb6355c085ea0cc779] a hedged, estimated or ranged price, which that row's own NOT text forbids ("estimated", "approximately", "Indicative", "~", or a range) — flagged by review.ts on the unitree-r1 dry run and judged by hand before closing. Quote: "R1: $5,900"

  • Price from (USD): $5,9002026-09-29

    [statement 6abb5bcb6355c085ea0cc779] a hedged, estimated or ranged price, which that row's own NOT text forbids ("estimated", "approximately", "Indicative", "~", or a range) — flagged by review.ts on the unitree-r1 dry run and judged by hand before closing. Quote: "R1: $5,900"

  • Price from (USD): $4,9002026-09-29

    [statement 6abb5bcb6355c085ea0cc779] a hedged, estimated or ranged price, which that row's own NOT text forbids ("estimated", "approximately", "Indicative", "~", or a range) — flagged by review.ts on the unitree-r1 dry run and judged by hand before closing. Quote: "R1: $5,900"

  • Price from (USD): $4,9002026-09-29

    [statement 6abb5bcb6355c085ea0cc779] a hedged, estimated or ranged price, which that row's own NOT text forbids ("estimated", "approximately", "Indicative", "~", or a range) — flagged by review.ts on the unitree-r1 dry run and judged by hand before closing. Quote: "R1: $5,900"

  • Price from (USD): $4,9002026-09-29

    [statement 6abb5bcb6355c085ea0cc779] a hedged, estimated or ranged price, which that row's own NOT text forbids ("estimated", "approximately", "Indicative", "~", or a range) — flagged by review.ts on the unitree-r1 dry run and judged by hand before closing. Quote: "R1: $5,900"

  • Price from (USD): $4,9002026-09-29

    [statement 6abb5bcb6355c085ea0cc779] a hedged, estimated or ranged price, which that row's own NOT text forbids ("estimated", "approximately", "Indicative", "~", or a range) — flagged by review.ts on the unitree-r1 dry run and judged by hand before closing. Quote: "R1: $5,900"

  • Price from (USD): ≥ $5,9002026-09-29

    [statement 6abb5bcb6355c085ea0cc779] a hedged, estimated or ranged price, which that row's own NOT text forbids ("estimated", "approximately", "Indicative", "~", or a range) — flagged by review.ts on the unitree-r1 dry run and judged by hand before closing. Quote: "R1: $5,900"

  • Price from (USD): $4,9002026-09-29

    [statement 6abb5bcb6355c085ea0cc779] a hedged, estimated or ranged price, which that row's own NOT text forbids ("estimated", "approximately", "Indicative", "~", or a range) — flagged by review.ts on the unitree-r1 dry run and judged by hand before closing. Quote: "R1: $5,900"

  • Price from (USD): $5,9002026-09-29

    [statement 6abb5bcb6355c085ea0cc779] a hedged, estimated or ranged price, which that row's own NOT text forbids ("estimated", "approximately", "Indicative", "~", or a range) — flagged by review.ts on the unitree-r1 dry run and judged by hand before closing. Quote: "R1: $5,900"

  • Locomotion: Wheeled2026-09-29

    [statement 6abb5bcb67caf296d897585d] the source calls this robot wheeled; it is bipedal — flagged by review.ts on the unitree-r1 dry run and judged by hand before closing. Quote: "The Unitree R1 is a wheeled humanoid robot that combines a stable rolling base with a highly agile 7+7 degree-of-freedom arm system and a multimodal AI core."

  • Tactile sensing: Yes2026-09-29

    [statement 6abb5bcb3b0a93d1d23f98e4] the quote says the tactile hands are OPTIONAL, so it is not a capability of the robot as sold — flagged by review.ts on the unitree-r1 dry run and judged by hand before closing. Quote: "Optional tactile hand modules (sold separately)"

  • Hand sensors: Tactile2026-09-29

    [statement 6abb5bcb8331df5c5e18fbea] the quote says the tactile sensing is OPTIONAL, so it is not a sensor of the robot as sold — flagged by review.ts on the unitree-r1 dry run and judged by hand before closing. Quote: "Optional tactile hand modules (sold separately)"

  • Teleoperation interfaces: Handheld2026-09-29

    [statement 6abb5bcbdb05b3d5b004b627] the quote names an OPTIONAL teleoperation kit, or does not say which kind of device is used — flagged by review.ts on the unitree-r1 dry run and judged by hand before closing. Quote: "Remote control and scripted AI automation"

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Hardware

named components the maker or a source discloses
  • OrinCompute
  • SV1‑25Sensor
  • R1 BatteryBattery
  • NVIDIA OrinCompute
  • Proprietary high-torque actuatorsActuator
  • smart lithium-ion batteryBattery

Recognition

third-party mentions, not a Botlero rating
  • Best Invention 2025TIME
  • Best Inventions of 2025TIME magazine

Media

on shop.unitree.com

Botlero does not copy the maker's photos. They are linked where the maker publishes them.

Questions

What are the physical dimensions and weight of the Unitree R1?

The Unitree R1 is 123 cm tall, 35.7 cm wide, 19 cm deep, and weighs 29 kg.

What is the maximum speed and payload capacity of the robot?

The robot has a maximum speed of 2.5 m/s and a rated payload capacity of 10 kg.

How many degrees of freedom does the Unitree R1 have?

The Unitree R1 has 20–26 degrees of freedom in total, with 6 per leg, 4 per arm, 2 in the waist, and 2 in the head.

What is the battery runtime and how is it charged?

The li ion battery provides 60 min of runtime and supports quick release for swapping.

Does the Unitree R1 support developer customization?

Yes, it supports secondary development, runs on Linux, uses ROS2 middleware, and has a Python SDK.

What kind of AI capabilities does it have?

It has 100 TOPS AI compute, supports imitation and reinforcement learning, and can integrate an optional NVIDIA Orin module.

Machine-readable: JSON · last checked 2026-09-29 · every value above carries its source, quote and date.